A few years ago, Justin Taylor asked some pastors and theologians what they would recommend as sermons or essays that have had a special impact on them, or that they would seriously urge students and pastors to consider reading. Here's what they said:

Bryan Chapell

• J.I. Packer, “What Did the Cross Achieve? The Logic of Penal Substitution”
• Francis Schaeffer, “A Day of Sober Rejoicing”
• Thomas Chalmers, “The Expulsive Power of a New Affection”

Graham Cole

• “The Martyrdom of Polycarp“
• Adolphe Monod, Adolphe Monod’s Farewell to His Friends and to His Church
• B. B. Warfield, “Imitating the Incarnation“

Mark Dever

• Jonathan Edwards, “A Farewell Sermon“

Dever also mentioned three books:

• Richard Sibbes, The Bruised Reed
• John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress
• Charles Bridges, The Christian Ministry

Kevin DeYoung

• John Piper, “Boasting Only in the Cross” (Passion OneDay 2000 sermon)
• C.S. Lewis, Introduction to Athanasius’ On the Incarnation
• J.I. Packer, Introductory Essay to John Owen’s The Death of Death in the Death of Christ
• Jonathan Edwards, “Heaven, a World of Love“
• D. Martyn Lloyd-Jones, “What Is Preaching?” (included in Knowing the Times)
• J. Gresham Machen, “What Is Christianity?” (in Selected Shorter Writings)
• J. Gresham Machen, “History and Faith” (in Selected Shorter Writings)
• J. Gresham Machen, “What Is the Gospel?” (in Selected Shorter Writings)

Stephen J. Nichols

• J. Gresham Machen, “The Good Fight of Faith“
• Jonathan Edwards, “The Most High, A Prayer-Hearing God“
• John Chrysostom, “Homily 21, On Ephesians 6:1-4“

Ray Ortlund

• Francis A. Schaeffer, “The Lord’s Work in the Lord’s Way“
• C. S. Lewis, “Three Kinds of Men“
• Martin Luther, Letter to Jerome Weller, in Luther: Letters of Spiritual Counsel, edited by T. G. Tappert, pages 84-87.
• Jonathan Edwards, on spiritual pride, in “Thoughts on the Revival,” in Works, I:398-403.

John Piper

• C.S. Lewis, “The Weight of Glory” (first sermon in the book by that title)
• C.S. Lewis, Introduction to Athanasius’ On the Incarnation
• J.I. Packer, Introductory Essay to John Owen’s The Death of Death in the Death of Christ
• Jonathan Edwards, “A Divine and Supernatural Light Immediately Imparted to the Soul“
• Martin Luther, “Justification by Faith” (Luke 16:1-9) in The Protestant Pulpit, ed. by Andrew Blackwood
• Charles Spurgeon, “The Minister’s Fainting Fits“
• Charles Spurgeon, “The Blind Eye and the Deaf Ear“
• Geerhardus Vos, “The Scriptural Doctrine of the Love of God“

David Powlison

• B. B. Warfield, “Imitating the Incarnation“ (“The last page and a half offers the most riveting description of the goal of Christian living that I’ve ever read.”)

Fred Sanders

• Henry Scougal, The Life of God in the Soul of Man
• Athanasius, “Letter to Marcellinus on the Reading of the Psalms“
• Lancelot Andrewes, Private Devotions

R.C. Sproul

• Jonathan Edwards, “A Divine and Supernatural Light“
• This section of Luther’s last sermon at Eisleben

Carl R. Trueman

• R. V. G. Tasker, “The Biblical Doctrine of the Wrath of God“
• Martin Luther, “Two Kinds of Righteousness“
• George Orwell, “Politics and the English Language” [the most brilliant statement (and example) of clear prose—something which pastors and theologians need to grasp.]

Bruce Ware

• R.C. Sproul, Lecture on “The Locus of Astonishment” (A brief summary is availablehere. For a similar talk, listen to “When Towers Fall.”)

Donald Whitney

• Charles Spurgeon, “The Minister’s Fainting Fits,” from Lectures to My Students.
• Charles Spurgeon, Sermon on “The Eternal Name,” from Ps. 72:17, no. 27 (New Park Street Pulpit), May 27, 1855 PM
• Charles Spurgeon, Sermon on “Baptismal Regeneration“
• D. Martyn Lloyd-Jones, “‘But God’: The Christian Message” (Ephesians 2:4)

(via)